In the construction industry, different materials are used, each of which has different characteristics and materials. One of the most widely used building materials is a variety of metal materials such as steel construction profiles. Steel profiles have fixed sections at a certain length that are used to improve quality and speed in various industries, especially in construction projects.
History of Profiles:
The history of steel profiles dates back to 1890, when engineers in Scotland used roll sheets that were riveted to construct a 521 meter long bridge. About two decades later, the Mannsman brothers created diagonal holes on these sheet rolls to make it easier to connect parts and structures and proceeded to produce these profiles extensively. This optimization process was continued by various engineers until World War II when the welding industry grew dramatically. During World War II, manufacturers using integrated welding succeeded in producing less thick and seamless empty sections.
After world war II, Mueller invented a device that could easily be cut circular and rectangular slices on profiles. During these years and the measures taken, the production of steel sections developed considerably.
Types of steel profiles:
Generally, profiles are classified into different types according to their appearance, bearing amount, production method, production process and material.
According to the appearance of profiles, the profiles are divided into two categories: open and closed hollow sections, each of which has its own varied cross sections and special characteristics.
Closed profiles:
Closed profiles or cans of profiles with an empty cross section are squares, rectangles and circles, commonly known as profiles. Small sections of closed profiles in the construction of fences, doors and windows, staircases, table and chair stands, fences, etc. are applicable. Large sections of them are often used in building columns and in general where high resistance is required.
Open Profiles:
Open profiles do not have a full square or rectangular cross section and generally one or more of them are open. According to the needs of consumers in the manufacture of items such as studs, beams, corners, punched profiles, rebar belts, quadrupeds, etc. Open section profiles entered the market, which Vestadej Asia Co. also works in the field of producing these products. Another reason for producing these profiles was the possibility of easier installation. These products are often bought and sold on the market with their own names and have many uses. The cross-section shape of the open profile can resembles one of the letters Z, T, U, C, G. The main advantages of using open profiles are as follows:
- Easy installation
- High strength
- Low weight and light weight
- Low cost and affordable
The other category of profiles is based on the amount of load that are divided into two categories of light and heavy profiles.
Light type profiles are produced using cold sheet (oil) and heavy type of black sheet. Also, light type refers to products with thickness less than 1.5 and heavy type with thicknesses greater than 1.5. In terms of application, heavy type is usually used in cases where there is a need to withstand a lot of force. In terms of price, the price of light profiles is higher, but ultimately because the price is calculated per unit weight, the price of this product is lower than the heavy type.
Profiles are divided into several categories based on production methods. Cans and profiles can be produced in both direct and indirect ways. Also, the production method depends on the facilities of the devices and will be tailored to the facilities of the device.
Direct production method:
In the direct method, first, by bending the sheet, the angles and shapes are applied. Then, the edges of the sheet are welded two by two to form the desired cross section. Finally, the profile is cut by automatic saw to prepare for the next stages of packaging and installation of specifications.
Indirect production method:
In indirect production of profile cans, the steel plate is first converted to one of the three methods of edge forming, central forming and forming through the radius of the sheet to the pipe. Then the pipe is deformed and considered as cross section.
In this method, by producing the initial pipe and by replacing several molds in the sizing section, we can produce several types of profiles to different sections. This method has lower accuracy than direct production of profiles in weld line, surface curvature and sides size.
Types of construction profiles based on the production process:
Currently, there are various methods that can be produced profiles with different advantages. One of the methods of producing profiles is the use of rolling machines. In the rolling method using two rollers, the forming of sheet metal is performed during a gradual process. Rolling is done in both hot and cold forms, each of which has its own characteristics and advantages. Profile production can be performed at high temperatures (hot rolling) or at room temperature (cold rolling). Temperature plays an important role as a result of production. Both hot and cold rolling methods can be used to produce profiles made of conventional or stainless steel, however the final product each has different properties.
Hot Rolling Profiles:
Generally, this method is used for mass production. The hollow sections produced in this method are heated at air temperatures above 1800°F and roller foundations move on them to deform steel sheets. Also, due to the high temperature in profiles, the corrosion resistance feature increases and their storage in the open air will not be limited.
Cold rolled profiles:
Cold rolling is similar to hot rolling, except that the process is done at room temperature. The production of hollow sections by cold rolling method is such that the steel plate at normal air temperature of the room is pressured by roller foundations and deformed. The result of using this method is the production of high precision surfaces and high strength parts. The accuracy of the shapes and sections produced in this method is very high. The profiles produced by cold rolling method are suitable for the construction of rotating and many industrial requirements and are suitable for light construction works such as studs, construction door frames, etc. Are usable.
In general, the profiles produced in hot and cold rolling methods are similar in appearance, but they will differ in terms of quality and accuracy of surfaces as well as ductility.
Composite Profiles: These products are made up of two types of cold rolled profiles and hot rolled profiles.
Types of metal profiles by material:
- Steel Profile
Steel profiles have a special and important place in the construction industry since the past and today, despite the supply of newer materials in the market, they are still one of the main building materials. However, some of their applications such as doors and windows, tables and chairs, etc. Due to the development of new materials, they have more limited use than ever before.
- Galvanized Profiles
Galvanizing a profile means adding a coating layer of zinc metal on the profile surface, which prevents rust in wet air. This type of profile is used for outdoor use and areas with high humidity as well as open spaces such as parking spaces that are in public view due to its beautiful appearance and high corrosion resistance and the ability to use plastic caps for profile sections.
- stainless steel Profiles
These types of profiles are made of stainless steel and have high corrosion resistance. And they also have a more beautiful appearance than other profiles, which is why in addition to the humid environment, they are also used in the manufacture of decorative devices.
Stainless steel profiles have different grades such as steel profiles 304, 316, 309, 321, 420, etc. The most widely used of them is grades 304 and 316.
- Stainless steel profile 304
This type of profile is used in environments that are exposed to moderate corrosion because it has the ability to withstand corrosion. The thermal resistance of this profile is intermittently up to 870 °C and continuously up to 925 °C. Due to its characteristics, it is easily formed in the fields of industrial, transportation and architecture. Weldability by two methods of resistance and melting is another feature of this type of profiles.
- Stainless steel profile 316
These types of profiles are used in environments such as pharmaceutical industry and food industry where corrosion is high. They are suitable for bad weather conditions and have high corrosion resistance to chemicals and also have good stability against materials such as lime, mortar, tile adhesive and cleaning materials.
The resistance and strength of this type of profile against saline and chlorinated waters is high. Due to the mentioned properties and features, this type of steel has always been in demand.
- Aluminum Profiles
Ductility, corrosion resistance, beauty and lightness, while having resistance, are features that make aluminum profiles one of the most widely used in the construction industry and other industries. Also, the use of this type of profile as a window and doors prevents energy loss.
Applications of construction profiles:
Profiles are used to reinforce concrete structures and components due to their metallic material and due to their high tensile strength. Also, these metal construction materials have a very resistant cross section that causes them to withstand a lot of force without any deformation. The most important use of construction profiles includes:
- Drilling technology
- Petrochemicals and oil and gas industries
- Building industry
- Scaffolding construction
- Construction of header façade
- Installation systems, plumbing and fittings
In general, square and rectangular profiles with small sections are used in the construction of fences required in various applications such as staircases or fences.
Large-cross-section profiles are used in the main pillars of buildings as well as in chassis of trailers and tankers.
Square can profiles are used in the production of metal bases for tables and chairs.
Z-shaped profiles are used in the ceiling of niches and stud profiles are used in the preparation of large metal door frames.
Factors affecting profile prices
- Weight of profiles
- Quality of profile products
- Direct impact of profile manufacturing plants
- Presence of intermediaries in the market
- Brand and company manufacturer of profiles
- Raw materials used in the process of making profiles
- Steel profile production method
According to the studies conducted today, profiles are the main pillars of construction. Light and heavy profiles are used according to the type of application in industrial and non-industrial applications. Light profiles are highly used because they are produced in different sizes and sizes, for example streets, sidewalks, railings around the factory, building windows and in public places, building roofs of niches, etc. Profiles are used. Therefore, these applications have a great impact on the price of light profiles.
The main consumption of heavy industrial profiles is used in shipbuilding and petrochemical industries.
As mentioned above, the most important indicator for determining the price of profiles is their weight, while light profiles are more expensive than heavy profiles due to their manufacturing process, but ultimately because the price is based on weight, the price of heavy profiles will be higher.
Specifications of steel profiles:
High strength against impact, abrasion, scaling, heat and uniformity of surfaces and high precision in dimensional tolerances are unique features of these profiles. The production process and quality control of these profiles should be carried out in accordance with the standards of the world.
Advantages of steel profiles:
- Corrosion resistant
- Heat resistant
- Recyclability
- Beautiful appearance
- Affordable
- Long and useful life
- Stainless
In the present era, companies are looking to reduce their production costs so that they can remain in a competitive cycle. Low-priced production and high quality will have a significant impact on this competition.
The profiles of Vostadge Company are produced as a result of careful attention and understanding of customer needs, quality production in the level of international standards, and has solved the problems of production costs.
Taking into account international standards, Vestadge Asia Co. produces a variety of punched galvanized profiles with C and G sections and uses cold forming method and produces these profiles in different sections and thicknesses. Also, Vestadzasia Company used them as support for maintaining installation systems for the first time in Iran.
